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Coins Power Ledger. Overview Exchanges Markets. Advertise here. USD - US dollar. Price performance Monthly. Per minute Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly. POWR value statistics An overview showing the statistics of Power Ledger, such as the base and quote currency, the rank, and trading volume. Supply information View the total and circulating supply of Power Ledger, including details on how the supplies are calculated. Verified supply What is Power Ledger Power Ledger is a blockchain platform for peer-to-peer trading of energy.

Project links Website powerledger. Top Power Ledger exchanges The top crypto exchanges that have Power Ledger available for trading, ranked by 24h trading volume and the current price. Exchange 24h volume 1 Upbit.

By continuing to use Live Coin Watch you agree to our cookies policy. Past Year of Developer Activity All repos. About POWR. Categories Energy. POWR Breakdown. Volume Liquidity. Currency: USD. Previous Price Charts Social About All.

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Power companies generate power at a main plant, whether it be coal, solar, wind or hydroelectric. This power is distributed via high voltage power lines over long distances to sub-stations. Sub-stations are a collection of transformers and switchgear that route the power to residential and commercial buildings.

A large facility may even have its own sub-station. The voltage at a sub-station will usually be between 12,V and 36,V. When power gets to a building, there is a transformer that drops the medium voltage down to a useable low voltage. This presents a problem for crypto farms. Even if the PSU could run on V, it requires a higher current to achieve the same wattage, which is problematic when it comes to price and size of circuit breakers in your power system. This power configuration provides the highest efficiency and has the lowest circuit breakers costs in your main panel and the branch breakers in your PDUs.

When setting up a crypto mine it is important to understand all of the critical components that are used and their relationship to each other. A complete power system starts with a mains transformer. This transformer is used to step the utility voltage from 12,V,V down to either V, V or V. After the main transformer, there is a main disconnect. This is a large switch that is used to cut all power off for maintenance or in an emergency. Not only is it a good idea to have a main disconnect, but it is also usually required to meet electrical codes in the USA and Canada.

After the main disconnect, the power is fed into a main circuit breaker panel. After the circuit breaker panel, the power is routed to PDUs. In summary, the major components of a crypto mine power system are the mains transformer, the main disconnect, a circuit breaker panel, a PDU, and a PSU. A transformer has 5 major specifications you need to consider. This is the voltage that is provided by the utility.

This is the voltage that will power your crypto mine. Power rating is expressed in kVA, kilo volt-amps. In an isolation transformer, the windings can be constructed as a step-up or step-down transformer to match the load in the power system for your crypto mine. Some advantages of using an isolation transformer are that it prevents the attached electronics from getting harmonics and spikes from the main input power.

There is no connection between the power lines and earth ground. With an isolation transformer, there is no danger in touching the live lines while the body is earth grounded. By connecting the electrical system ground to the neutral conductor on the transformer secondary output , it eliminates neutral-to-ground voltage and noise. This creates the cleanest possible power for your PSUs. An autotransformer is lighter in weight and smaller in size as it has fewer windings and a smaller core.

In addition to being lighter and smaller, an autotransformer is less expensive than an isolation transformer. The advantages listed above are for autotransformers with a voltage ratio up to , meaning the voltage drop is less than that ratio. Beyond this range, an isolation transformer is more economical.

There is no isolation between the primary winding and the secondary winding. This means that the protection of the equipment is dependent on the electronics that are attached to the transformer. Standard PSUs have enough protection built in to be powered by an autotransformer. The primary and secondary side of an autotransformer share a common end, if the neutral side of the primary voltage is not grounded, the secondary side will not be either. The disadvantage of this is if a failure of the transformer occurs it will result in the full input voltage being pushed to the output.

This failure mode would damage any attached PSUs. The good news is that there are very few cases where an autotransformer has a failure of this magnitude. The NEMA rating of an enclosure refers to its ability to repel water, dust, and temperature variations.

When given a choice, choose an isolation transformer if you are dropping high voltage, 12,V,V down to V, V or V. Use an autotransformer when you are dropping V down to V, V or V. A circuit breaker panel is often an overlooked component of a power system. This is the heart of your power system and careful consideration needs to be taken while selecting what type of panel to use and what type of circuit breakers to install in it.

There are five major areas to consider when selecting a circuit breaker panel. These enclosures can come in wall mount or free-standing models. Typically, freestanding models are used for kVA rating and higher and wall mount enclosures are used for kVa or less.

Wiring is usually used in lower power rated circuit breaker panels. Wiring a panel is costly but makes the panel easier to customize. Compliance-wise a wired panel is easier to get UL listed. Wired panels can be listed to UL A, which can be done by the manufacturer without having to actually send the panel out to be tested. This helps equalize the price increase usually associated with wired panels. Bus bar panels use a thick copper bus bar to route power internal to the panel.

Bus bars have to be machined, which makes it more costly for small quantities, especially if the panel is customized. Bus bar circuit breaker panels are UL listed to UL This certification cannot be done by the manufacturer. To achieve a UL listing, the manufacturer has to have an NRTL nationally recognized testing laboratory test the panel and certify it. This can be a large cost driver, especially if the panel is customized. When given a choice, choose a wired panel if it is kVA or less and if the panel needs to be custom not standard from the manufacturer.

Choose a bus bar panel if the power is larger than kVA. If the panel is custom and over kVA, weigh the cost differential between having multiple wired panels and a single bus bar panel. A thermal circuit trips based on the heat on a power line. Heat has a direct correlation to the current that is flowing through a wire. When the temperature reaches a certain point, the circuit breaker trips.

The advantage to a thermal circuit breaker is the cost, they tend to be more economical. The disadvantage is that they are sensitive to ambient temperature and have to be derated properly to ensure you are getting adequate protection. The higher the ambient temperature, the current that is required to trip the circuit breaker is lower. If your environment is temperature-controlled choose a thermal circuit breaker to provide more value.

First, you must understand the type of circuit breaker you are using. As described above, choose a circuit breaker based on your ambient temperature. If you are using a thermal breaker, refer to the manufacturer's specification on temperature derating. Circuit breakers come in 1, 2, and 3 poles.

You use 1 pole per phase in your power system. The amount of poles you use is also dependent on the PDU that is being used in your crypto mine. If the PDU has a single phase input, then you would use a 1 pole circuit breaker. If you are using a dual phase input PDU, you would use a 2 pole circuit breaker. A 3 phase PDU would require a 3 pole circuit breaker. It is important to know that each pole is rated for the circuit breakers current.

For example, a 3 pole amp circuit breaker is capable of carrying amps of single phase load, or amps per pole. PDUs are the most important part of your power system. PDUs are the final line of defense against surges, swells, spikes, and noise. The selection of a PDU drives changes through your whole crypto farm. For example, if you are using a 3 phase input PDU, you would have to ensure you are using a single phase circuit breaker panel with 1 pole circuit breakers.

One of the largest problems that crypto farms experience when selecting a PDU has to do with a very limited selection of PDUs available on the market that is capable of carrying the amount of current that is required for multiple PSUs. PSUs usually require between 5 and 10 amps each. The highest current PDU available on the commercial market that is readily available is usually 30 amps.

This creates a lot of problems and additional costs. The first problem is that 30 amp PDUs are typically expensive. Having multiple 30 amp PDUs will drive costs to ranges that are unacceptable for most crypto mines. The second problem is that the more PDUs you have, the more wiring and circuit breakers you have to have. There are many factors to consider when selecting a PDU. A vertical mount enclosure is typically mounted horizontally to run longways across a shelving rack that houses miners.

By mounting the PDU long ways, it provides a better spread of outlets across the rack and takes up the least amount of space. These types of enclosures are popular in server racks in data centers and do not usually work well in a crypto mine environment. When given a choice, based on your rack set up, always choose a 0U vertical mount PDU. It is crucial to choose the PDU that matches your phase configuration.

It is important to note, that usually a 3 phase input PDU will output a single or dual phase, depending on if the 3 phase input is a delta or wye configuration. A wye configuration will have a single-phase output and a delta configuration will have a dual phase output. Both single and dual phase power is sufficient to power a PSU. Overvoltage protection is provided by MOVs metal oxide varistors. At a minimum, it is important to have circuit protection on each phase of your PDU.

Some PDUs have both input and output breakers, but this is not required. Only output breakers are needed for a crypto mine PDU. It is important to use a PDU that has outlets that are rated for your voltage. A standard R wall outlet is not sufficient to power a miner. These outlets are rated up to V single phase or dual phase. For example, a 30 amp PDU is sufficient to power up to 26 amps of load.

In summary, you should always choose the highest current PDU available, while taking into account the space you have available and the way you must mount your PDU onto your rack. Wiring all of the major components of your power system together is a challenge. You have to take into account the length of the wire run, the voltage, and current that you are using, and the number of conductors. There are many different types of wire and each type has a place in your power system.

This wire is a single conductor, which means that each wire is carrying a single line. To complete power wiring you will need a minimum of 3 wires, one for line, one for neutral and one for ground for a single or dual phase system. In a dual phase system, the wiring would be 2 lines and 1 ground. THHN is bundled together in a wiring conduit, hollow plastic or metal flexible tubing that is run from point to point.

These cables usually require a bigger conductor size to carry the same amount of current as a single conductor cable and are typically more expensive these using a THHN single conductor bundle. Use the below chart to pick your wire gauge and always consult with your installation company or an electrician to ensure you are meeting any local electrical codes. Many control and monitoring software packages exist to manage the power in your crypto mine. These powerful features come at a cost and should only be deployed when absolutely needed.

When deciding on whether or not to use control and monitoring software you need to weigh the costs of having a person on-site vs the initial costs of managing your crypto mine remotely. Typically, in crypto mines smaller than 5 megawatts, a remotely managed power system is a good value. If the crypto mine is larger than 5 MW it usually makes sense to deploy remote control and monitoring software. Additionally, if your mine is a co-location, remote control and monitoring software can be used for billing purposes if you bill based on power usage and to ensure that your client's miners are not over hashing or using more power than you allocated to them.

To comply or not to comply, that is the question. There is a simple answer to this question. When given a choice, always choose a product that is NRTL listed. Customized product has a few barriers to being NRTL listed. Firstly, compliance testing is expensive and labor-intensive.

Secondly, many manufacturers will not NRTL list a short-run customized product due to the labor and paperwork required. If your crypto mine will be insured or inspected than it will usually require that the power equipment used will have to be NRTL listed. NRTL listed products have an official listing and can be used on their own while retaining their listing. Ultimate Crypto Farm Power Guide. Introduction So, you have purchased your miners, you have a building, you have a profitable model, now all you have to do it plug the miners in, right?

What is a crypto farm? How are Miners Powered? It took four years to launch the mainnet, with the intention from the outset being to create a network that actively invited contributions from the developer community. Unlike Bitcoin, Ethereum, and many other blockchains, Tezos has an on-chain governance mechanism that allows the network to continuously improve without the need for a hard fork.

This system means participants in the network can propose, vote upon, adopt, and deploy improvements efficiently. The result is a leading edge blockchain network that can quickly innovate. The algorithm enables transactions to be processed quickly, cheaply, and at a fraction of the energy used by Proof of Work networks like Bitcoin.

Tezos is a collaborative network that operates without an official core team, or employees. It is an open-source software project, and anyone can contribute code to make the blockchain better. The self-amendment capacity of Tezos avoids the issues with forking that have hounded other blockchains, such as Ethereum. Instead of needing to fork or split into two different blockchains when carrying out major upgrades, Tezos can amend itself without disruption to the network and without creating massive division in the community.

Another advantage to self-amendment is that the process of upgrading is more easily coordinated and executed at a lower cost. Further amendments are also easier to implement as there remains just one blockchain, not two or more that also require upgrades. Anyone who stakes 8, tez is known as a Baker and can vote on proposed amendments and upgrades put forward by Tezos developers.

The four-step procedure takes around 23 days, and proposals that receive majority support are then tested on a testnet for 48 hours. Those that gain support from a super majority are then fully implemented on the mainnet. Using programming languages 0Caml and Michelson, which facilitate formal verification, Tezos is a super secure blockchain that can be used safely in the aerospace, nuclear, and semiconductor industries.

All of this makes Tezos very attractive to a variety of users. Tezos allows users to build powerful decentralized finance DeFi apps, other tools, games, and NFTs on its network. The French banking giant Societe Generale also signed on to use Tezos for a central bank digital currency.

Flow is both a PoS blockchain that is fast, decentralized, and highly usable and the cryptocurrency native to the Flow network. It is designed for building games, apps, NFTs and other internet-scale protocols and applications that need low-latency i. Flow is the brainchild of the team behind CryptoKitties and offers the unique approach of separating mining or validating roles into four distinct processes.

In most blockchains, a single miner or validator performs all or most of the tasks of validation. This slows things down and means some of the work is carried out by multiple parties unnecessarily. With Flow, the pipelined architecture reduces this redundancy and improves efficiency and security by separating out the tasks.

Even those with a small amount of computer power available can participate by performing some of the less energy intensive parts of a transaction. The four validation roles comprise Collection, Execution, Verification, and Consensus, with no sharding needed.

With Flow, every application on the network can also function as a platform on which to build. It has an architecture that allows for custom private or public blockchains to be deployed as subnets, and these subnets can facilitate around 4, transactions per second, at a lower cost than networks such as Ethereum.

The Avalanche network consists of three component blockchains: the Platform Chain P-Chain which coordinates validators and the creation of subnets; the C-Chain for smart contract creation; and the X-Chain for managing and exchanging assets. A stake can also be delegated to another validator, allowing them to earn a portion of the validator reward.

It is also possible to specify validation of a particular subnet blockchain. Gridcoin is an efficient decentralized blockchain that uses idle computational power to carry out scientific research through the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing BOINC. The platform was launched in and uses a Proof-of-Stake algorithm. The open source platform uses the native coin GRC and current projects include protein folding through Rosetta Home, mapping the Milky Way galaxy Milkyway home , and figuring out solutions to public health and clean energy problems World Community Grid.

Unlike other scientific cryptocurrencies, Gridcoin can support a wide variety of different projects, limited only by what users of BOINC broadcast. The original Gridcoin Classic used a hybrid PoW algorithm, allowing participants to hash half the time and donate half time to science. The Gridcoin-Research algorithm made the PoW component obsolete as this PoS algorithm allows nearly all the computational power go to science while a tiny amount maintains and secures the blockchain.

Researchers can create their own projects on BOINC for free, and Gridcoin rewards people for granting access to unused computer power otherwise unavailable to these researchers. BOINC has been running since and is a well-regarded and secure system. It is powered by participants, who quickly synchronize and verify the network.

This makes it arguably more sustainable and egalitarian than many other blockchains which require intermediaries with heavy computational power to run nodes. Mina Protocol was founded in by Evan Shapiro and Izaak Meckler but took four years to build and test before its launch in March The MINA token powers the network, with users rewarded for creating blocks and validating transactions. The initial coin offering was one billion MINA tokens, with more added over time and inflation managed through Mina Protocol governance.

Mina is decentralized and so lightweight that it allows every participant to act as a full node in the PoS consensus. Transactions are computed off-chain and verified on-chain, using a much smaller proof than most other blockchains. The small proof represents the state of the whole chain, rather than the latest block. Because Mina is built on a consistent-sized cryptographic proof, the blockchain remains accessible even as it scales to process billions of transactions.

In contrast, the Ethereum blockchain went from just over 5 GB in to GB in , meaning that the network requires validator nodes to have a huge amount of memory and processing power. To send and receive transactions on Mina, every participant has to run a node. The algorithm also requires block producers and snark workers to run effectively. Snark workers help compress network data and generate proofs of transactions.

Block producers then bid on these proofs and select the transaction to include in the next block a bit like conventional validators or miners. These apps validate and share proofs of data without sharing the data itself — an attractive system for decentralized finance.

One of the first Snapps, Teller, is a handy app that helps users keep their information private while proving their credit score to traditional financial services in order to access loans. Such apps are also easily scalable while remaining efficient and cost-effective.

ReddCoin is a standout alt coin designed for use on social media as a digital social currency for tipping or rewarding individuals, charities, or other organizations without requiring an intermediary. ReddCoin uses a PoS velocity PoSV algorithm, and the full amount of every tip goes to the recipient, unlike with platforms such as Patreon, GoFundMe, JustGiving and others where the intermediary takes a cut to fund the system.

ReddCoin has itself received donations and is now self-funded and volunteer-run. Established in , ReddCoin is a longstanding cryptocurrency that has seen many improvements, including to its PoS algorithm. There are more than 60, users of Redd in more than 50 countries, owing to its ease of use across major social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Reddit, and Instagram.

This algorithm requires much less computing power compared to mining and enables fairly fast transactions just 60 seconds on average at low or no cost. In fact, everyone who holds ReddCoin is automatically a minter, with a higher stake meaning a greater chance of finding blocks and being rewarded with more ReddCoin.

ReddCoin scales easily and can trade higher volumes as demand increases. Indeed, ReddCoin is about to launch the ReddMobile app which will make social tipping even more straightforward. The app will allow users to tip others with ease and to store, send, and receive ReddCoin on their phones. GoChain was founded in by a team with experience in cloud computing.

The idea was to build a network that was scalable without being energy intensive. GO is the native token on the network and is required for every transaction sent to the GoChain. There are currently nearly million tokens in circulation and plans for another billion to be added gradually. GoChain is a smart contract platform and can be used for transferring tokens and storing files.

It is compatible with Ethereum but has a fraction of the carbon footprint, so developers wanting to cut their environmental impact could easily switch chains without requiring code rewrites. GoChain uses a Proof-of-Reputation consensus mechanism. This is similar to a Proof-of-Authority model, which GoChain still uses for nodes with a very high reputation.

To engage in the blockchain, a user has to have a reputation, meaning that anyone trying to cheat the system is quickly prevented from further activity. The entire purpose of this unique blockchain is to help crypto investors make money while contributing to environmentally sound energy efficiency initiatives.

Typically, the energy efficiency industry is a complex multiparty financial system that is hard to navigate, especially for the average investor. EFFORCE makes investing in energy efficiency projects simple and accessible, which has the potential to dramatically increase overall investment in the sector and a more sustainable future.

A presale and roadshow took place in and the platform development was finalized in for factories and real estate projects and then listed on HBTC. Any token rewards are then issued on a sliding scale over a ten-year period. This helps to protect liquidity of the asset and the value of the token over time. The redistribution of these rewards is based on exact energy consumption and savings data without the need for any intermediary to assess or estimate savings.

The beauty of EFFORCE is that it commodifies energy savings by creating a new tradable asset class, which has the effect of helping to scale up energy efficiency investments for the benefit of all of us. Where the sector has typically been limited to major investors and large contributions from just a handful of parties, EFFORCE allows anyone to invest at any amount.

The platform also acts in a consultancy role, guiding projects through development and funding. GreenTrust is a sustainable decentralized blockchain with a carbon neutral network and the aim to help the world become carbon neutral by The network runs on the GNT token which can be exchanged for carbon offset certificates.

For every transactions on the network, GreenTrust plants a tree. Near Protocol is a certified carbon neutral blockchain that hosts various apps, NFTs, games, and more. It even includes an app that helps facilitate the buying and selling of used cellphones. The Near Protocol development platform uses the NEAR token and is also a foundation and collective that gives out grants to develop the Near ecosystem.

And by using the network, users are already offsetting CO2, whether they intend to or not! These NFTs will be auctioned off and a majority of proceeds will go towards CO2 offsetting projects in developing countries that are results-based and verified by a third party.

Near Protocol is a development platform that runs a sharded, PoS, layer one smart contract. The network works with programming languages Rust and AssemblyScript. Holders of NEAR can participate in network governance and earn tokens for staking or securing the network.

NEAR can also be earned by winning a NEAR hackathon, being active in the community, engaging in development bounties, and other activities that help grow the ecosystem. This is done through the NEAR Drop, whereby one person can pre-fund a new account and then send a hot link to the account for someone else to retrieve the tokens.

Near was certified carbon neutral in February by South Pole, a leading low-carbon project developer, and climate solutions provider. The foundation uses a measurement method that includes direct and indirect emissions associated with the network. This includes electricity used to power the network, purchased hardware and cloud services, and even emissions associated with travel and teleworking by the NEAR team. This super simple payment method was adopted by Signal as an energy efficient near-zero energy cryptocurrency that runs on the back of existing mobile phone networks.

It is easy to use, carbon negative, private and secure, and offers near instantaneous digital cash payments. The founder of Signal was an early technical advisor for MobileCoin and the blockchain has attracted a range of key investors including Coinbase Ventures. MobileCoin is also a supporter of the arts and culture, with a platform called MobileCoin Radio offering space for creators to showcase their work.

MobileCoin was designed to be used by anyone with a cellphone. Breaking down barriers to engaging with cryptocurrencies, the network engages directly with messaging apps on your phone or desktop computer. It is encrypted, secure, and private, and the blockchain runs on a federated byzantine agreement FBA algorithm. This makes MobileCoin energy efficient and fast while remaining decentralized.

The platform has a number of open source libraries including MobileCoin Fog and MobileCoin is available on hundreds of millions of devices worldwide. It is a leading cryptocurrency payment network, if not the most popular digital cash application. MobileCoin has also secured partnerships with US banks to allow in-app purchasing and direct-to-bank account conversions.

Similar to MobileCoin, Electroneum is a cellphone based crypto payment platform launched in It is based in the UK but has the intention of providing a safe, fast, and secure payment system for the billion or so people with no traditional banking services worldwide. Around half of the total supply of Electroneum tokens are now in circulation, amounting to more than 10 billion ETN coins.

In March , the platform launched one of, if not the first Android mobile mining application. This freelancing platform focuses on giving freelancers in developing countries access to the digital economy. Electroneum was originally built using the Monero codebase but migrated in to a Proof-of-Responsibility PoR blockchain.

Unlike the original permissionless network, which allowed anyone to mine ETN for profit, the move to PoR allows for miners to be hand-picked by the project. This permissioned network has 12 validators, all of which are non-governmental organizations NGOs. These entities earn rewards for validation and use these to fund charitable work.

In the future, universities will also be able to act as validators on the network. If or when an attack does happen, the rogue validator can be shut down quickly and efficiently. By offering an on-phone mining app, Electroneum democratizes mining, removing the need for expensive, power-hungry servers.

The algorithm is energy efficient, using an estimate less than half a kilobyte per hash. Electroneum allows for cross border transfers, with the ability to send ETN anywhere in the world at almost no cost. The cryptocurrency still uses enough energy every year to power a major country and as much electricity per transaction as could power an average U.

The plan is to replace the current Proof of Work model with a Proof of Stake mechanism, but progress has been slow. As of , the developers scrapped their original strategy of rebuilding the plane while it is in the air and instead adopted a two-chain approach where Proof of Work and Proof of Stake temporarily run alongside each other.

They dubbed this Ethereum 2. In December , Ethereum launched Beacon Chain as the first step in this shift of the network. Under Beacon Chain, Ethereum 2. It is currently running alongside the original chain, however, with full implementation not planned until This means that the touted one hundredfold reduction in energy per transaction is yet to be realized.

Given the exponential growth in this area of digital finance, chances are the best is yet to come anyway. Feel free to check out our environmental analysis of the Dogecoin as well. View SLR on Coinbase. View ADA on Coinbase. View XLM on Coinbase. View EOS on Coinbase.

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